Altruism Is

question 109

Multiple Choice

Altruism is:

• A) making decisions using heuristic reasoning.
• B) self-interested acts that minimize a person's objective function.
• C) self-interested acts that maximize a person's objective function.
• D) unselfish concern for the welfare of others.

Understand the mechanics and significance of the Electoral College in presidential elections.

Differentiate between open and closed primaries, and their significance in the electoral process.

Recognize the role and impact of referendums, recall efforts, and ballot initiatives in direct democracy.

Identify the origins and development of primary elections in the United States.

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Definitions:

Valence

In psychology, the intrinsic attractiveness or aversiveness of an event, object, or situation.

Drive Theory

A psychological theory that posits human behavior is motivated by biological drives to meet needs such as food, water, or sleep.

Approach-Avoidance

refers to a psychological conflict involving a single goal or situation that has both attractive and repelling aspects, affecting decision-making and behavior.

Utilitarian Needs

are needs that are pragmatic and practical, fulfilling a functional requirement rather than an emotional one.