For the Following Independent Situations, List Who (The IRS, the Taxpayer

question 44

Essay

For the following independent situations, list who (the IRS, the taxpayer, the party who initiates the case, or both sides) has the burden of proof in most civil tax cases:
a. The tax case involves a penalty.
b. The tax case involves a trust with net worth of $8.3 million.
c. The taxpayer has credible evidence, maintains records, and cooperates with reasonable IRS requests.
d. The IRS uses statistics to reconstruct an individual's income.

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Definitions:

Probability Distribution

A mathematical description of the range of possible outcomes of a random variable, including the frequency or probability of each outcome.

Probability Model

A mathematical representation of a random phenomenon, characterized by its sample space, events within the sample space, and probabilities associated with each event.

Resonance Stabilization

A phenomenon where a molecule can be represented by two or more structures that contribute to its overall stability and properties, enhancing its chemical stability.

Phenoxide Ion

The phenoxide ion is a negatively charged ion (an anion) formed when phenol loses a hydrogen ion (H+), characterized by a phenyl group (C6H5) bound to an oxygen atom carrying a negative charge.