The Standard Deviation of a Sample of 81 Observations Equals

question 25

Multiple Choice

The standard deviation of a sample of 81 observations equals 49. The variance of the sample equals

• A) 7.
• B) 9.
• C) 2401.
• D) 6561.

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Definitions:

Tolman's Time

Refers to the theories and research of Edward C. Tolman, particularly his concepts of cognitive maps and latent learning in psychology.

Backward Conditioning

A conditioning process where a conditioned stimulus (CS) is presented after an unconditioned stimulus (US), which is less common and tends to be less effective than other conditioning methods.

Unconditioned Stimulus

An unconditionally effective stimulus that naturally triggers a response without the need for prior learning.

Social Learning Theorists

Experts who study and explain how people learn behaviors, attitudes, and expectations through their interactions and observations in a social context.