[Solved] An investor who writes standard call options against stock held in his or her portfolio is said to be selling what type of options? A) in-the-money B) naked C) covered D) out-of-the-money Sunk Costs: Costs that have already been incurred and cannot be recovered or altered by any current or future actions. Unproductive: Refers to resources or activities that do not contribute to the output or efficiency of a process or operation. Fixed Costs: Costs that do not change in total with changes in the volume of production or sales, such as rent, salaries, and insurance. Relevant: Pertaining to something that is closely connected or appropriate to the matter at hand, especially in decision making or problem-solving.