The following information regarding a dependent variable y and an independent variable x is provided: 
The mean square error (MSE) is
Definitions:
Power Struggles
Conflicts that arise from competing desires or needs for control, dominance, or authority among individuals or groups.
Polarization
The process in which opinions, beliefs, or interests start becoming extreme and groups become divided.
Stage IV
In various contexts, refers to a phase or level often used to describe severity, progression, or classification, requiring contextual detail for specific definition.
Generalized Arousal
Refers to a state of heightened physiological and psychological activity that is not directed towards a specific object or situation, often associated with stress or anxiety.
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