A Classical Calculation Shows That the Critical Mass Density of the Universe

question 29

Multiple Choice

A classical calculation shows that the critical mass density of the universe is given by where H is the Hubble constant and G is the gravitation constant. If the density is below this value, the universe will expand forever, whereas if it is above this value the universe will eventually stop expanding and collapse. Approximately how many hydrogen atoms per m³ is the critical density equivalent to?

• A) 4
• B) 40
• C) 400
• D) 4000
• E) 40,000

Understand the triple bottom line concept and its application within the Global Reporting Initiative framework.

Distinguish between the focus areas of ethics audits and social reports.

Appreciate the importance and methods of securing stakeholder input during an ethics audit.

Know the escalation phases during an ethical disaster and the concept of shared values in successful management.

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Definitions:

Income Statement

A financial statement that shows a company's revenues and expenses, leading to the total profit or loss over a specific period.

Par Stock

The ideal stock level that a business aims to maintain to fulfill customer orders without overstocking.

Stock Split

A reduction in the par or stated value of a common stock and the issuance of a proportionate number of additional shares.

Appropriation of Retained Earnings

The process of allocating retained earnings to specific purposes, such as reserves or dividend distribution.