A Journal Article Summarizes Findings of a Study on the Effect

question 22

Multiple Choice

A journal article summarizes findings of a study on the effect of color on perception of temperature. The article states that experiments involving 32 participants showed an insignificant difference in the effect of orange and violet on subjective feeling of cold. On average, it was 0.3° warmer in the orange room than in the violet one, when participants started to complain about being cold. The sample standard deviation of the differences was s = 0.7. Does this provide convincing evidence that there is no significant difference in the effect of orange and violet on subjective feeling of cold in general? Test the relevant hypotheses using a α = 0.05. ​

• A) P-value < 0.05, there is convincing evidence that there is no significant difference in the effect of orange and violet on subjective feeling of cold in general.
• B) The P-value is not much greater than 0.05. Thus, the conclusion in the article is correct.
• C) P-value > 0.05, there is convincing evidence that there is no significant difference in the effect of orange and violet on subjective feeling of cold in general.
• D) P-value < 0.05, there is no convincing evidence that there is no significant difference in the effect of orange and violet on subjective feeling of cold in general. But the mean difference is too small to have a practical importance.
• E) There is no enough information to make a conclusion.

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Definitions:

Low Self-Efficacy

A belief in one's inability to successfully execute the behaviors required to produce desired outcomes.

High Self-Efficacy

A strong belief in one's own ability to achieve goals and complete tasks effectively.

Incongruence

The mismatch or disparity between one's self-perception and actual experience or reality.

Situational Specificity

The concept that behavior can vary significantly based on the context or situation in which it occurs.