A Journal Article Summarizes Findings of a Study on the Effect

question 22

Multiple Choice

A journal article summarizes findings of a study on the effect of color on perception of temperature. The article states that experiments involving 32 participants showed an insignificant difference in the effect of orange and violet on subjective feeling of cold. On average, it was 0.3° warmer in the orange room than in the violet one, when participants started to complain about being cold. The sample standard deviation of the differences was s = 0.7. Does this provide convincing evidence that there is no significant difference in the effect of orange and violet on subjective feeling of cold in general? Test the relevant hypotheses using a α = 0.05. ​

• A) P-value < 0.05, there is convincing evidence that there is no significant difference in the effect of orange and violet on subjective feeling of cold in general.
• B) The P-value is not much greater than 0.05. Thus, the conclusion in the article is correct.
• C) P-value > 0.05, there is convincing evidence that there is no significant difference in the effect of orange and violet on subjective feeling of cold in general.
• D) P-value < 0.05, there is no convincing evidence that there is no significant difference in the effect of orange and violet on subjective feeling of cold in general. But the mean difference is too small to have a practical importance.
• E) There is no enough information to make a conclusion.

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Definitions:

Self-Control

The competency to govern emotions, thoughts, and actions in situations of temptation and impulse.

Normative Age-Graded

Refers to societal expectations for the appropriate timing of life events.

History-Graded Influences

Social and historical factors that uniquely affect individuals born around the same period.

Development

The process of change and growth throughout the life span, including physical, cognitive, psychological, and social aspects.