Indicate Whether Each of the Following Costs of a Pencil

question 99

Essay

Indicate whether each of the following costs of a pencil manufacturer would be classified as direct materials (DM) direct labor (DL) or manufacturing overhead (MO).
a. ____ Depreciation of pencil painting machinery
b. ____ Lead inserted into pencils
c. ____ Factory utilities
d. ____ Wages of assembly line worker
e. ____ Salary of supervisor
f. ____ Factory machinery maintenance
g. ____ Wood
h. ____ Eraser compound

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Definitions:

Break-even Point

The sales level at which total revenues equate to total costs, resulting in no profit or loss, indicating the minimum sales necessary to cover all expenses.

Fixed Costs

Expenses that do not change with the level of production or sales activity, such as rent, salaries, and insurance premiums.

Unit Contribution Margin

The difference between the selling price per unit and the variable cost per unit, indicating how much each unit sold contributes to fixed costs and profits.

Break-even Point

The production level at which total revenues equals total expenses, resulting in neither profit nor loss.