Use the Information Below to Answer the Following Question(s)

question 43

Multiple Choice

Use the information below to answer the following question(s) . Below is a decision tree illustrating the R&D process for a new drug. Let us assume that if market is large, payoff is lognormally distributed with a mean of $4,900 million and a standard deviation of $1,000 million; if market is medium, payoff is lognormally distributed with a mean of $2,500 million and a standard deviation of $500 million; and if market is small, payoff is normally distributed with a mean of $1,800 million and standard deviation of
$200 million. Let us also assume that the cost of clinical trials is uncertain and estimates are modeled with a triangular distribution with a minimum of -$700 million, a most likely value of - $550 million, and a maximum of -$500 million. Use 10,000 trials and a random seed of 1.
-What is the value of mean obtained from the simulation results? [Hint: Choose the approximate value.]

• A) $ 119.0
• B) $ 116.1
• C) $ 106.2
• D) $ 94.4

Identify the growth trends and characteristics of different population groups in the United States.

Discuss the demographic projections for the United States and their implications on governance and policy.

Analyze political polarization and its effect on legislative processes.

Comprehend the emphasis on civil freedoms by different political ideologies.