Taking a Broader Perspective: the Problem of External Validity We

question 27

Multiple Choice

Taking a Broader Perspective: The Problem of External Validity We must be cautious when drawing conclusions about concepts like "learning" from experimental results because

• A)different operational definitions may lead to diverse outcomes.
• B)experimenters can only study variables they can directly observe.
• C)experimenters cannot operationally define concepts like learning.
• D)statistically significant results may be due to Type 2 error.

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Definitions:

Underarm Hair

Hair that grows in the axillary region; its development is one of the secondary sexual characteristics that emerge during puberty.

Kohlberg's Scale

A theory outlining six stages of moral development, proposed by Lawrence Kohlberg, to explain how individuals' understanding of morality evolves.

Moral Reasoning

The process of determining right from wrong in a given situation, based on personal, cultural, or societal values.

Technologically Unsophisticated Societies

Communities or cultures with limited access to modern technology, often relying on traditional methods and tools to support their way of life.