Taking a Broader Perspective: the Problem of External Validity We

question 27

Multiple Choice

Taking a Broader Perspective: The Problem of External Validity We must be cautious when drawing conclusions about concepts like "learning" from experimental results because

• A)different operational definitions may lead to diverse outcomes.
• B)experimenters can only study variables they can directly observe.
• C)experimenters cannot operationally define concepts like learning.
• D)statistically significant results may be due to Type 2 error.

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Definitions:

Muscle Fiber

The individual contractile cells of a muscle, composed of myofibrils and capable of producing force and movement.

Agonist

A chemical substance that binds to and activates specific receptors on cells, leading to a biological response.

Body Movement

The physical action resulting from the contraction of muscles, enabling humans and animals to change their position or location.

Sarcoplasm

The cytoplasm of a muscle fiber that contains organelles, including mitochondria and the sarcoplasmic reticulum, involved in muscle contraction.