Taking a Broader Perspective: the Problem of External Validity We

question 27

Multiple Choice

Taking a Broader Perspective: The Problem of External Validity We must be cautious when drawing conclusions about concepts like "learning" from experimental results because

• A)different operational definitions may lead to diverse outcomes.
• B)experimenters can only study variables they can directly observe.
• C)experimenters cannot operationally define concepts like learning.
• D)statistically significant results may be due to Type 2 error.

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Definitions:

Membership Intensity

The level of participation and engagement an individual has within a group, organization, or community.

Affiliation Bonding

the formation of a social connection or relationship between individuals based on shared interests or goals.

Antibrand Community

A group of consumers unified by their shared disdain or opposition to a particular brand or product.

Hate Community

A group of individuals who come together on social media or online platforms based on shared dislike or hatred towards a particular concept, individual, or group.