During Reabsorption, Sodium Ions Cross the Proximal Tubule Walls into the Interstitial

question 15

Multiple Choice

During reabsorption, sodium ions cross the proximal tubule walls into the interstitial fluid principally by means of

• A)bulk flow.
• B)active transport.
• C)countercurrent multiplication.
• D)phagocytosis.
• E)none of these.

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Definitions:

Cell-mediated Immunity

A component of the immune system that involves the activation of certain immune cells to fight off pathogens, distinct from antibody-mediated immunity.

Antibodies

Proteins produced by the immune system in response to antigens, capable of specifically binding to and neutralizing them.

Plasma Cells

White blood cells that produce antibodies against pathogens.

Different Antibodies

Diverse proteins produced by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects like bacteria and viruses.