Where Does ATP Synthase Get the Energy Required to Drive

question 48

Multiple Choice

Where does ATP synthase get the energy required to drive phosphorylation of ADP?

• A) the potential energy of the proton motive force
• B) from the reduction of NAD⁺
• C) from the hydrolysis of ATP
• D) from the reduction of oxygen
• E) ATP synthase does not require energy.

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Definitions:

Osmosis

The movement of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to higher concentration.

Solutes

Substances dissolved in a solvent, forming a solution; in biological contexts, these often refer to dissolved minerals, gases, or organic molecules.

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

A genetic disorder characterized by an inability to metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine, leading to intellectual disability if untreated.

Tyrosine

An amino acid that is important in the synthesis of proteins and neurotransmitters.