If the Results of a Study Using the Chi-Square Test

question 11

Multiple Choice

If the results of a study using the chi-square test of independence are summarized as χ2 (1, N = 57) = 1.15, p > .05, then you would know that the χ² was based on.

• A)the score of 58 participants
• B)a 2 × 2 contingency table
• C)one categorization of responses
• D)either a 3 × 2 or a 2 × 3 contingency table

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Definitions:

Bureaucratic Approach

A method of organization emphasizing a structured hierarchy, strict rules, and a clear division of responsibilities to achieve efficiency.

Scientific Approach

A methodical process used for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge, based on empirical or measurable evidence.

Theory X

A management theory assuming employees are inherently lazy and will avoid work if they can, necessitating control and coercion by managers.

Theory Y

A management concept suggesting that employees are inherently motivated to work and will show high levels of creativity and responsibility if given the chance.