Highway Engineers Want to Improve a Dangerous Stretch of Highway

question 374

Multiple Choice

Highway engineers want to improve a dangerous stretch of highway. They expect that it will reduce the risk of someone dying in an accident from 5.3 percent to 2.1 percent over the life of the highway. If a human life is worth $10 million, then the project is worth doing as long as it does not cost more than

• A)$53,000.
• B)$210,000.
• C)$320,000.
• D)$2.1 million.

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Definitions:

Vicarious Learning

Learning that occurs by observing the behaviors of others and the outcomes of those behaviors.

Insects

A vast group of arthropods characterized by a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax, abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes, and one pair of antennae.

Law of Effect

A principle in behaviorism stating that responses followed by satisfaction will become more likely to occur, and those followed by discomfort will become less likely.

Classical Conditioning

A method of learning in which two stimuli are regularly paired; a response that is initially caused by the second stimulus is eventually caused by the first stimulus alone.