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The Residual rir _ { i } Is Defined as the Difference Between the Actual Value

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The residual rir _ { i } is defined as the difference between the actual value yiy _ { i } and the estimated value  The residual  r _ { i }  is defined as the difference between the actual value  y _ { i }  and the estimated value   . .


Definitions:

Service Sector Jobs

These are employment opportunities in the service industry, focusing on providing services rather than goods, such as retail, education, and healthcare.

Non-Competing Groups

Segments within the labor market that do not directly compete with each other for jobs due to differing skills, qualifications, or geographical locations.

Earnings Differential

The difference in wages or salaries arising from differences in occupation, education, experience, or other factors.

Primary Job Market

The sector of the job market that consists of high-paying jobs which often require a higher education or specialized skills.

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