The Atomic Radius of Sodium Is 186 Pm and of Chlorine

question 40

Multiple Choice

The atomic radius of sodium is 186 pm and of chlorine is 100 pm. The ionic radius for Na⁺ is 102 pm and for Cl¯ is 181 pm. In going from Na to Cl in Period 3, why does the atomic radius decrease while the ionic radius increases?

• A) The inner electrons in the sodium cation shield its valence electrons more effectively than the inner electrons in the chloride anion do.
• B) The inner electrons shield the valence electrons more effectively in the chlorine atom than in the chloride anion.
• C) The outermost electrons in chloride experience a smaller effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do.
• D) The outermost electrons in chloride experience a larger effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do.
• E) Monatomic ions are bigger than the atoms from which they are formed.

Identify and report changes in equity related to investment securities.

Account for foreign exchange implications on international transactions.

Distinguish between the accounting treatments for trading securities, available-for-sale securities, and held-to-maturity debt securities.

Understand the impact of sample size and sample diversity on the reliability of point estimates.

---

Definitions:

Interventions

Actions taken to improve a situation, especially in a medical or psychological context, aiming at changing outcomes.

Schizophrenia

A chronic mental disorder characterized by distorted thoughts, perceptions, emotions, language, sense of self, and behavior.

Mental Hospitals

Healthcare facilities specialized in the treatment and care of patients with mental health conditions, historically known as psychiatric hospitals or asylums.

Twentieth Century

The period extending from January 1, 1901, to December 31, 2000, notable for significant advancements in technology, science, and socio-political changes globally.