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In an analytical sense, unions can be thought of as
Expectancy
In psychology, a theory that explains the motivation behind choices, suggesting that people are motivated to act in a certain way because they expect their actions will lead to their desired goal.
Instrumentality
In expectancy theory, the belief that a certain level of performance will lead to a specific outcome or reward.
Effort
The amount of energy, work, or concentration applied towards a task or goal.
Valence
In psychology and motivational theory, the degree of attractiveness or aversiveness an outcome holds for a person, influencing their motivation levels.
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