Nonpathogenic V

question 41

Multiple Choice

Nonpathogenic V. cholerae can acquire the cholera toxin gene by

• A) Conjugation.
• B) Transformation.
• C) Phagocytosis.
• D) Transduction.
• E) None of the above.

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Definitions:

Melatonin

A hormone produced by the pineal gland that regulates sleep and wakefulness cycles.

Peak Levels

The highest concentration of a substance in the bloodstream, often referring to medications or pollutants.

Circadian Rhythms

Natural, internal processes that regulate the sleep-wake cycle and repeat roughly every 24 hours, influencing physiological and behavioral changes.

Bright Light

High-intensity, visible light, often used in light therapy to treat various conditions, including seasonal affective disorder and certain sleep disorders.