SCENARIO 12-8
It Is Believed That GPA (Grade Point Average

question 198

Multiple Choice

SCENARIO 12-8
It is believed that GPA (grade point average, based on a four point scale) should have a positive linear relationship with ACT scores.Given below is the Excel output for predicting GPA using ACT scores based a data set of 8 randomly chosen students from a Big-Ten university.
Regressing GPA on ACT $$\begin{array}{l}\begin{array} { l r } \hline { \text { Regression Statistics } } \\\hline \text { Multiple R } & 0.7598 \\\text { R Square } & 0.5774 \\\text { Adjusted R Square } & 0.5069 \\\text { Standard Error } & 0.2691 \\\text { Qbservations } & 8 \\\hline\end{array}\\\end{array}$$
ANOVA
$\begin{array}{lrrrcc} \hline & \text { df } & \text { SS } & \text { MS } & \text { F } & \text { Significance.F } \\\hline\text { Regression } & 1 & 0.5940&0.5940&8.1986&0.0286 \\\text { Error } & 6 & 0.4347&0.0724\\\text { Total } & 7 &1.0287\\\hline\end{array}$
$$\begin{array}{l}\begin{array} { l c r r r r r } \hline & \text { Coefficients } & \text { Standard Error } & t \text { Stat } & P \text {-value } & \text { Lower 95\% } & \text { Upper 95\% } \\\hline \text { Intercept } & 0.5681 & 0.9284 & 0.6119 & 0.5630 & - 1.7036 & 2.8398 \\\text { ACT } & 0.1021 & 0.0356 & 2.8633 & 0.0286 & 0.0148 & 0.1895 \\\hline\end{array}\end{array}$$
-Referring to Scenario 12-8, the interpretation of the coefficient of determination in this regression is

• A)57.74% of the total variation of ACT scores can be explained by GPA.
• B)ACT scores account for 57.74% of the total fluctuation in GPA.
• C)GPA accounts for 57.74% of the variability of ACT scores.
• D)None of the above.

Understand the primary components and beliefs of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and how it operates.

Identify and understand various critical perspectives and challenges to the AA and 12-step model.

Understand the relationship between Alcoholics Anonymous and concepts of spirituality and religion.

Recognize the role and effectiveness of AA and similar programs in treating alcohol use disorders.

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Definitions:

Rational Model

A decision-making model based on logically working through options and choosing the most logical, efficient, and rational outcome.

Rational Model

A decision-making framework that assumes logical, systematic identification of goals, evaluation of alternatives, and selection based on maximizing utility.

Decision Errors

Mistakes made in the process of choosing between alternatives, often due to biases, inadequate information, or errors in judgment.

Decision Making

The process of selecting a course of action from among multiple alternatives to achieve a desired outcome.