All Approaches to Social Science Make General Assumptions About "Free

question 17

Multiple Choice

All approaches to social science make general assumptions about "free will" and provide models of human nature. The interpretative view states that:

• A) researchers can explain human behavior by systematically documenting the external forces or laws acting on people.
• B) people actively create their social realities in an ongoing process.
• C) people have partial autonomy and have choices within constraints or structures.
• D) "free will" is a fiction. It is little more than a term to describe areas of human behavior for which we have not yet discovered the causal laws.

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Definitions:

Type I Error

The mistake of rejecting a true null hypothesis, or in other words, concluding that a difference or effect exists when it actually does not.

Decision Rule

A pre-determined guideline or criterion used to choose between multiple alternatives in the face of uncertainty, often based on statistical analysis.

P Value

The probability of observing the given result, or more extreme, by chance if the null hypothesis is true.

Critical Value

A threshold in hypothesis testing, which when exceeded or not met determines the outcome of the test, often leading to the rejection or acceptance of the null hypothesis.