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Refer to the Following Paragraph to Answer the Questions Below

question 16

Multiple Choice

Refer to the following paragraph to answer the questions below.
Maria Valencia developed a new test to measure intelligence or I.Q. She claimed that using her test, someone with an I.Q. of 180 would be considered twice as intelligent as someone with an I.Q. of 90. Someone with a score of 0, had absolutely no intelligence. In order to see how good it was, she tested two groups of students with her new test during the first week of the semester. One group scored low on existing I.Q. tests. The other scored very high. She found that those who scored low on old tests usually scored low on her new test, while those who scored very high on old tests usually scored high on the new test. In addition, she had the group of people who took the new test retake it at the midterm and again at the end of the semester. She found that a person's I.Q. score did not change across the three times it was measured during the semester.
-Dr. Horse developed a measure of "quality of city life." He included measures of many factors, including: tax rate, quality of school system, cultural and recreational opportunities, pollution, traffic congestion, crime rate, and health care availability for 100 U.S. cities to get a score for each. Dr. Horse created an)

Definitions:

Actual Costs

The real financial expenditures incurred by a company, as opposed to budgeted or estimated costs.

Standard Costs

Predetermined costs assigned to goods and services, used as target costs or benchmarks to compare with actual costs in order to manage and control costs.

Total Direct Labor Variance

The difference between the actual cost of direct labor used to produce goods and the standard cost of direct labor expected for those goods.

Rate

A measure, quantity, or frequency, typically one measured against another quantity or measure.