What Are "Demand Characteristics" in Experimental Research

question 21

Multiple Choice

What are "demand characteristics" in experimental research?

• A) When neither the subjects nor an assistant helping the experimenter know specifics about the treatment or how hypothesis is being tested.
• B) When subjects in a control group "demand" to be treated the same as the subjects receiving the treatment.
• C) When an experimenter deceives subjects about the experiment's true nature, then later tells them what it is really about.
• D) When subjects pick up clues about the hypothesis of the experiment and change their behavior to do what they think will confirm the experimenter's hypothesis.

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Definitions:

Systems/Contingency Organization

An approach to management that suggests organizations are best managed when structures are adapted to external conditions and specific situations.

Virtual Organization

A network of remotely collaborating individuals or groups not bound by traditional physical office space, often relying on digital communication.

Communication

The act of conveying meanings from one entity or group to another through the use of mutually understood signs, symbols, and semiotic rules.

Transformational Organization

An organization that constantly evolves and adapts by changing its strategies, operations, and culture to meet current trends, challenges, and technologies, inspiring innovation and growth.