Some Biologists Believe the Evolution of Handedness Is Linked to Complex

question 4

Essay

Some biologists believe the evolution of handedness is linked to complex behaviors such as tool-use. Under this theory, handedness would be genetically passed on from parents to children. That is, left-handed parents would be more likely to have left-handed children than right-handed parents. An alternate theory asserts that handedness should be random, with left- and right-handedness equally likely. In a recent study using a simple random sample of n = 76 right-handed parents, 50 of the children born were right-handed. ( = 0.658.) Suppose handedness is a random occurrence with either hand equally likely to be dominant, implying that the probability of a right-handed offspring is p = 0.50.
a)Show that it is reasonable to approximate the sampling distribution of p using a normal distribution.
b)Assuming left- and right-handed children are equally likely from right-handed parents, what is the probability of observing a sample proportion of at least = 0.658?

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Definitions:

Standardization

The process of establishing norms and uniform procedures to ensure consistency across different measurements, tests, or processes.

Psychophysiological Test

A test that measures physical responses (such as heart rate and muscle tension) as possible indicators of psychological problems.

Galvanic Skin Response

A measurement of the electrical conductivity of the skin, which varies with its moisture level, used as an indication of psychological or physiological arousal.

Blood Pressure

The force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels, crucial for maintaining the flow of blood throughout the body.