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The hypothesis is equivalent to the hypothesis
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International Transactions
Trades, investments, and other financial actions that cross national borders.
Purchasing Power Parity
An economic theory that compares different countries' currencies through a "basket of goods" approach to determine the relative value of each currency.
Exchange Rates
The rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another, influencing international trade and investments.
Gold Standard
A monetary system in which the value of a country's currency is directly linked to a specified amount of gold, facilitating stable exchange rates and limiting inflation.
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