Tina Falls While Climbing a Tree and Lands on Her

question 84

Multiple Choice

Tina falls while climbing a tree and lands on her back. Her frightened parents take her to the emergency room, where she is examined. Her knee- jerk reflex is normal and she exhibits a plantar reflex negative Babinski reflex) . These results suggest that

• A) Tina has a spinal injury in the lumbar region.
• B) Tina has injured one of her ascending nerve tracts.
• C) Tina has a spinal injury in the cervical region.
• D) Tina suffered no damage to her spinal cord.
• E) Tina has injured one of her descending nerve tracts.

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Definitions:

ABAB Design

Another name for Reversal Design, illustrating the sequence of observational and intervention phases: A (baseline) followed by B (intervention), another A (withdrawal of intervention), and final B (re-introduction of intervention).

ABAB Designs

A type of experimental design used in behavioral research involving sequential phases to compare the effect of a variable.

Multiple-Baseline Designs

Multiple-baseline designs are experimental methods used to demonstrate the effect of an intervention across different settings, behaviors, or individuals by introducing the intervention at different times.

Internal Validity

The extent to which a study can demonstrate that a causal relationship exists between the variables tested, free from the influence of extraneous variables.