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A researcher conducts an experiment in which rats in one group (Group 1) receive 10 learning trials in which they receive a shock after a light is lit. Another group of rats (Group 2) receives the same 10 trials in which the shock is paired with the light, but they also receive 10 additional random trials in which the light is not followed by a shock.
According to the expectancy model of classical conditioning, we would expect the tone to become a conditioned stimulus for fear for the rats:
Frequently Discipline
A regular and consistent application of rules and penalties to maintain order and correct behavior.
Lawyer-Client Confidentiality
A legal principle that ensures communications between an attorney and their client remain private and cannot be disclosed without the client's consent.
Voided
Declared invalid or legally null and without effect.
Negated
Refers to making a statement or proposition invalid or the act of denying something.
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