John Watson and Rosalie Rayner (1920) Conducted Experiments with an 11-Month-Old

question 78

Multiple Choice

John Watson and Rosalie Rayner (1920) conducted experiments with an 11-month-old baby named Albert to demonstrate how:

• A) the process of extinction is observable even in infants.
• B) the principles of classical conditioning can explain, and be used to create phobias.
• C) a neutral stimulus can become a conditioned stimulus by being paired with an established conditioned stimulus.
• D) the key factor in classical conditioning is the perception of an association between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus.

---

Definitions:

Intermediate Back Muscles

A group of muscles located between the superficial and deep layers of back muscles, contributing to the movement and stabilization of the spine.

Erector Spinae

A group of muscles running vertically along the spine that help maintain posture and facilitate movement of the vertebral column.

Spinalis Thoracis

A part of the erector spinae muscle group located along the thoracic spine, assisting in extending the vertebral column.

Spinalis Cervicis

A neck muscle that is part of the spinalis muscle group, responsible for extending and stabilizing the cervical spine.