The Text Discussed an Experiment in Which Rats Were Exposed

question 39

Multiple Choice

The text discussed an experiment in which rats were exposed to x-rays that were paired with sweet water, a light, and a buzzer. The x-rays made the rats ill and the researchers wanted to know which stimuli would become associated with the illness. The results revealed that the rats avoided only the sweet water. The findings from this experiment were used to demonstrate the concept of _.

• A) multiple conditioning
• B) preparedness
• C) negative reinforcement
• D) punishment

Understand the concept and mechanisms of a negative income tax.

Recognize how negative income tax affects families with different incomes.

Identify the effects and implications of minimum wage laws.

Distinguish between different types of welfare programs and their characteristics.

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Definitions:

Ortolani Sign

A clinical sign used in the diagnosis of hip dysplasia in infants, involving a characteristic clicking sound during movement of the hip.

Startle Reflex

An involuntary movement in response to a sudden unexpected stimulus, commonly seen in infants as a quick jerking of the limbs.

Well-Child Checkup

A routine medical visit focused on the developmental, emotional, and physical health of children.

Maroon Communities

Groups of runaway slaves who established independent settlements, often in remote areas, resisting re-enslavement and developing their own autonomous communities in the Americas.