Tamara Is Careless at the Office One Day and Accidentally

question 222

Multiple Choice

Tamara is careless at the office one day and accidentally prescribes the wrong medicine for a twelve year-old patient. When her new associate catches the mistake, he assumes she does not know the difference in medications and that she must not be practicing very good medicine, and that she may not be very bright. This tendency to underestimate the role of situational factors when explaining Tamara's behaviour is the:

• A) internal locus of control
• B) indiscriminatory process
• C) cognitive dissonance theory
• D) fundamental attribution error

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Definitions:

Conditioned Stimulus

A previously neutral stimulus that, after becoming associated with an unconditioned stimulus, evokes a conditioned response.

Negative Reinforcement

A behavioral principle where the removal of an unpleasant stimulus following a response increases the likelihood of that response in the future.

Stimulus Generalization

The tendency to respond in the same way to different but similar stimuli.

Noncontingent Reinforcement

In behavior modification, it involves delivering reinforcement without regard to the individual's actions, potentially reducing undesired behaviors by fulfilling the need that the behavior seeks to satisfy.