Professor Sandis Is Interested in the Development of Cognitive Abilities

question 177

Multiple Choice

Professor Sandis is interested in the development of cognitive abilities. So he designs a research study using a cross-sectional design. When interpreting the study, he needs to remember that the results may be biased because

• A) this design does not consider maturation
• B) the different cohorts grew up in different historical periods
• C) this design is only appropriate for stage theories
• D) changes over time are not consistent
• E) the single cohort may have shrunk over time because people dropped out of the study

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Definitions:

Price Level

The average of current prices across the entire spectrum of goods and services produced in the economy, often used as a measure of inflation.

Expected Price Level

The anticipated average level of prices in the economy for goods and services, as predicted by consumers and businesses.

Actual Price Level

The current market price of goods and services, reflecting the buying power of money at a given time.

Nominal Wage

The amount of money paid to an employee before any deductions and adjustments for inflation.