The Fact That You Almost Instinctively Jump Out of the Way

question 195

Multiple Choice

The fact that you almost instinctively jump out of the way of a car that is about to hit you and the fact that young infants clearly feel emotions even though they have yet to learn language are examples that both demonstrate how:

• A) sometimes emotions are produced without any cognitive appraisals at all.
• B) the concept of secondary appraisals can be used to explain emotional responses.
• C) sometimes the cognitive appraisals involved in emotion are automatic or primitive.
• D) the cognitive appraisals involved in emotions are always conscious.

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Definitions:

Recessive

A genetic trait that is expressed only when two copies of the gene carrying the trait are present, as opposed to a dominant trait where only one copy is necessary.

Phenylketonuria

A genetic disorder characterized by the body's inability to break down the amino acid phenylalanine, leading to harmful buildup.

Recessive Gene

A gene that expresses its phenotypic trait only when homozygous, as its effect is masked by a dominant gene when heterozygous.

Mental Retardation

Mental retardation is an outdated and offensive term formerly used to describe a condition characterized by significantly below-average intellectual functioning and a lack of skills necessary for daily living; the preferred term is now "intellectual disability."