Phenylketonuria (PKU) Is Caused by the Absence of the Enzyme

question 28

Essay

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is caused by the absence of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase, which catalyzes the first step of the pathway that breaks down the amino acid phenylalanine, a common component of dietary protein. Explain how environmental intervention is commonly practiced to prevent the development of this human autosomal recessive condition.

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Definitions:

Immune System

An intricate system comprising cells, tissues, and organs that collaborates to protect the body from dangerous pathogens and diseases.

Dormant Virus

A virus that is present in the body but not actively replicating, remaining in a latent state within its host.

Allergic Reaction

An immune system response to a foreign substance that's not typically harmful to the body, such as food or pollen, resulting in symptoms like itching or sneezing.

Lupus

An autoimmune disease where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue, affecting skin, joints, kidneys, brain, and other organs.