A(n) __ Is a Variable That Causally Occurs Before Both

question 4

Multiple Choice

A(n) __ is a variable that causally occurs before both X and Y, and is viewed as a potential common cause.

• A)Cofounder
• B)Replacement
• C)Distortion
• D)Antecedent

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Definitions:

Marginal Social Benefit

The additional benefit to society as a whole from producing or consuming one more unit of a good.

Public Good

A product or service that is provided without profit to all members of a society, either by the government or a private individual or organization, characterized by non-excludability and non-rivalry.

Marginal Social Cost

The total cost to society of producing an additional unit of a good or service.

Public Good

A good that is non-excludable and non-rivalrous, meaning no one can be effectively excluded from its use, and someone's use of it does not reduce its availability to others.