In the 19th Century's Most Influential Archaeology Textbook, Pre-Historic Times

question 21

Multiple Choice

In the 19th century's most influential archaeology textbook, Pre-historic Times, as Illustrated by Ancient Remains, and the Manners and Customs of Modern Savages (1865) , John Lubbock argued that:

• A) because the world's food supply is inherently inadequate, infants in primitive societies must struggle to survive; those who do survive possess favorable characteristics, and thus pass these characteristics on to future generations.
• B) conflict between societies and between classes within the same society benefits humanity in the long run because it removes unfit individuals and social forms.
• C) contemporary "primitives" were living approximations of what Europeans used to be (in other words, these primitives had not evolved to the same degree that Europeans had).
• D) human cultural evolution could be divided into three phases: savagery, barbarism, and civilization.

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Definitions:

Equivalent Units

A concept used in process costing that converts partially completed units into a number of fully equivalent units.

Weighted Average Method

A cost accounting method used to calculate the cost of goods sold and ending inventory by taking into account the weighted average of all inventory costs.

Job Order Cost Accounting

An accounting method that accumulates and assigns costs to specific products or projects based on individual job orders.

Equivalent Units

A concept used in cost accounting to convert partially completed goods into a number of complete units of output.