Archaic State Formation Did Not Occur Anywhere Until Roughly AD

question 38

True/False

Archaic state formation did not occur anywhere until roughly AD 500; archaic states then spread rapidly from their birthplace in the Near East throughout much of the world.

Distinguish between types of reinforcement and punishment.

Explain the process and effects of extinction on behavior.

Detail the principles of stimulus generalization and stimulus discrimination.

Illustrate the concept of avoidance conditioning.

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Definitions:

Hypothalamus

A region of the brain below the thalamus that coordinates both the autonomic nervous system and the activity of the pituitary, controlling body temperature, thirst, hunger, and other homeostatic systems.

Cerebellum

A major feature of the hindbrain of all vertebrates responsible for motor control, and possibly also some cognitive functions.

Acquired Reflexes

Learned reflex actions that develop as a result of repeated exposure to a stimulus, differing from innate reflexes present at birth.

Biological Clock

An internal mechanism in organisms that controls the timing of various biological functions, such as sleep-wake cycles and hormonal changes.