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Which of the Following Is NOT One of the Pillars

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Which of the following is NOT one of the pillars of Muslim practice?


Definitions:

Professional Bureaucracy

An organizational structure where power is held by professionals with specialized knowledge rather than through formal managerial positions.

Standardization

The process of implementing and developing technical standards to ensure consistency, safety, and efficiency across products, services, and procedures.

Coordination

The organization of the different elements of a complex body or activity so as to enable them to work together effectively.

Machine Bureaucracy

A highly structured organizational form that operates through standardized procedures and a clear hierarchy of authority.

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