The Residual, or the Difference, Between the Observed Frequency and the Expected

question 157

Multiple Choice

The residual, or the difference, between the observed frequency and the expected frequency is a reliable indicator.A standardized residual can also be computed for each cell.Which statements are true about standardized residuals?

• A)Standardized residuals that have a positive value mean that the cell was over-represented in the actual sample, compared to the expected frequency.
• B)The standardized residual can be compared against the critical z-value for your α level to determine significance.
• C)Standardized residuals can be used to test the null hypothesis that the actual frequency equals the expected frequency for a specific cell versus the research hypothesis of a difference greater than zero.
• D)Standardized residuals that have a negative value mean that the cell was under-represented in the actual sample, compared to the expected frequency.
• E)All of the above.

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Definitions:

Oral Contract

An agreement between parties that is spoken, not written, but is still legally binding.

Customized Goods

Products that are specifically made according to the specifications or requirements of a customer.

Partial-Performance Exception

A legal principle that allows for the enforcement of an oral contract when one party has taken significant action based on the agreement, despite the lack of a written contract.

Merger Clauses

Provisions in a contract stating that the written document represents the entire agreement between the parties, negating any oral agreements.