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If, for an imaginary closed economy, investment amounts to $12,000 and the government is running a $2,000 deficit, then private saving must amount to $10,000.
Strip Bond
An investment instrument entitling its owner to receive only the face value of a bond at maturity.
Nominal Rate
The stated interest rate of an investment or loan, not adjusted for compounding or inflation.
Population Growth
The increase in the number of individuals in a population, often measured as the rate at which the number of individuals increases over a specific period of time.
Population Decline
A reduction in the number of people in a particular area, which could be caused by factors like low birth rates, high death rates, migration, or disease.
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