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William and Jamal live in the country of Dumexia. When Dumexia legalized international trade in bananas, the price of bananas in Dumexia increased. As a result, William became better off and Jamal became worse off. It follows that William is a seller, and Jamal is a buyer, of bananas.
Electric Shock
A sudden discharge of electricity through a part of the body, which can cause damage or stimulation.
Shaping
A method of behavior training in which successive approximations toward a target behavior are reinforced.
Generalization
The process of applying the knowledge gained from specific instances to broader situations or populations.
Unconditioned Stimulus
In classical conditioning, a stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a reflexive response without prior learning.
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