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In using the variable cost method of applying the cost-plus approach to product pricing, fixed manufacturing costs and both fixed and variable selling and administrative expenses must be covered by the markup.
Modernization
The process of adopting the latest technology, organizational practices, or cultural norms, often associated with progress and improvement in society.
Modernization Theory
is a theoretical perspective that links societal development with the adoption of modern technological, political, and economic systems, traditionally viewing such modernization as a positive and linear progression.
Malthusian Theory
Proposes that population growth is potentially exponential while the growth of the food supply is linear, leading to overpopulation and societal issues.
Demographic Transition Theory
A theory that describes the transition from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as a country develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system.
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