A) Provide an Informal Analysis of the Following Passage; or

question 19

Essay

A) Provide an informal analysis of the following passage; or
B) in analyzing the passage, do the following:
a. Identify the causal hypothesis at issue.
b. Identify what kind of study it is.
c. Describe the control and experimental groups.
d. State the difference in effect (or cause) between control and experimental groups.
e. Identify any problems in either the study or the report of it, including but not necessarily limited to uncontrolled variables.
f. State the conclusion you think is warranted by the report.
Each year in the United States, a surgical procedure known as extracranial-intracranial arterial (EC/IC) bypass is done on three thousand to five thousand people who have had, or are at risk of, stroke. The operation, in which an artery on the scalp is attached to an artery on the brain to bypass a partial or total blockage, costs about $15
,000. In a new study, researchers from the University Hospital in London,
Ontario, examined 1,377 people who had recently had strokes or had signs of impending strokes. They randomly assigned 714 to get standard medical care and 663 to get EC/IC bypasses. The group that had the surgery subsequently had a slightly higher rate of stroke and death than the control group, according to the study.
-Reported in the New England Journal of Medicine

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Definitions:

Voluntary Motor

Pertaining to movements that are under the conscious control of the brain, intended to perform specific actions.

Sensory Functioning

Refers to the efficiency and accuracy with which the senses, such as hearing, vision, touch, taste, and smell, operate and process external stimuli.

Factitious Disorder

A disorder in which a person feigns or induces symptoms, typically for the purpose of assuming the role of a sick person.

Illness Anxiety Disorder

A disorder in which people are chronically anxious about and preoccupied with the notion that they have or are developing a serious medical illness, despite the absence of somatic symptoms. Previously known as hypochondriasis.