Solve the Problem $\chi ^ { 2 }$ Values Can Be Approximated as Follows

question 12

Multiple Choice

Solve the problem. For large numbers of degrees of freedom, the critical $\chi ^ { 2 }$ values can be approximated as follows: $\chi ^ { 2 } = \frac { 1 } { 2 } ( z + \sqrt { 2 k - 1 } ) ^ { 2 }$ where k is the number of degrees of freedom and z is the critical value. To find the lower critical value, the negative z-value is used, to find the upper critical value, the positive z-value is used. Use this approximation to estimate the critical value of $x ^ { 2 }$ in a right-tailed hypothesis test with n=143 and $\alpha = 0.01$

• A) \(\chi ^ { 2 } = 183.411\)
• B) \(\chi ^ { 2 } = 189.286\)
• C) \(\chi ^ { 2 } = 188.134\)
• D) \(\chi ^ { 2 } = 184.549\)

---

Definitions:

Intra-entity Gross Profit

The profit recognized on transactions conducted within the same entity, which may need to be eliminated in consolidated reporting.

Intra-entity Gross Profit

The profit recognized from transactions within the same company, affecting consolidated financial statements.

Eliminate Unrecognized

The process of removing gains, losses, or other items that have not been realized or acknowledged formally from the financial statements.

Intra-entity Gross Profit

The profit recorded from transactions that occur within the same entity, often eliminated in consolidation.