Construct an R Chart and Determine Whether the Process Variation $\text { Control Chart Constants }$

question 45

Essay

Construct an R chart and determine whether the process variation is within statistical control.
Control Chart Constants $\text { Control Chart Constants }$

$\begin{array}{ccccccc}&\bar{x}&&s&&R\\\hline n & A_{2} & A_{3} & B_{3} & B_{4} & D_{3} & D_{4} \\\hline 2 & 1.880 & 2.659 & 0.000 & 3.267 & 0.000 & 3.267 \\3 & 1.023 & 1.954 & 0.000 & 2.568 & 0.000 & 2.574 \\4 & 0.729 & 1.628 & 0.000 & 2.266 & 0.000 & 2.282 \\5 & 0.577 & 1.427 & 0.000 & 2.089 & 0.000 & 2.114 \\6 & 0.483 & 1.287 & 0.030 & 1.970 & 0.000 & 2.004 \\7 & 0.419 & 1.182 & 0.118 & 1.882 & 0.076 & 1.924 \\8 & 0.373 & 1.099 & 0.185 & 1.815 & 0.136 & 1.864 \\9 & 0.337 & 1.032 & 0.239 & 1.761 & 0.184 & 1.816 \\10 & 0.308 & 0.975 & 0.284 & 1.716 & 0.223 & 1.777 \\\hline\end{array}$

A machine that is supposed to fill small bottles to contain 20 milliliters yields the following data from a test of 4 bottles every hour.

$\begin{array}{c|cccc|c|l}\text { Sample } &&&{\text { bottle Volume (oz) }} && \overline{\boldsymbol{x}} & \text { Range } \\\hline 1 & 19.9 & 20.1 & 20.2 & 20.3 & 20.125 & 0.4 \\2 & 20.4 & 20.0 & 20.3 & 20.3 & 20.250 & 0.4 \\3 & 20.0 & 20.7 & 20.4 & 20.3 & 20.350 & 0.7 \\4 & 20.4 & 20.1 & 20.1 & 19.9 & 20.125 & 0.5 \\5 & 19.9 & 19.8 & 19.6 & 19.5 & 19.700 & 0.4 \\6 & 19.4 & 19.4 & 19.6 & 19.7 & 19.525 & 0.3 \\7 & 19.8 & 19.4 & 19.6 & 19.7 & 19.625 & 0.4 \\8 & 19.9 & 19.8 & 20.0 & 20.0 & 19.925 & 0.2 \\9 & 20.2 & 20.3 & 20.1 & 20.3 & 20.225 & 0.2 \\10 & 20.0 & 20.3 & 20.0 & 20.2 & 20.125 & 0.3 \\11 & 20.3 & 20.5 & 20.1 & 20.2 & 20.275 & 0.4 \\12 & 20.1 & 19.9 & 19.8 & 19.7 & 19.875 & 0.4 \\13 & 19.5 & 19.8 & 19.7 & 19.6 & 19.650 & 0.3 \\14 & 19.4 & 19.8 & 19.8 & 19.4 & 19.400 & 0.4 \\15 & 19.5 & 19.6 & 19.6 & 19.9 & 19.650 & 0.4\end{array}$

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Definitions:

Social Identity Theory

A psychological theory that explains how individuals categorize themselves and others into groups, which affects their self-esteem and behaviors.

Ingroup Bias

The inclination to prefer one's own group above other groups.

Self-Esteem

Refers to an individual's perception of their own worth or value.

Benevolent Sexism

A form of sexism that is couched in terms that seem kind or benevolent toward women but actually supports traditional gender roles and perpetuates gender inequalities.