It Is Not Hard, but Tedious, to Derive the OLS

question 51

Essay

It is not hard, but tedious, to derive the OLS formulae for the slope coefficient in the
multiple regression case with two explanatory variables.The formula for the first
regression slope is $$\hat { \beta } _ { 1 } = \frac { \sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } y _ { i } x _ { 1 i } \sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } x _ { 2 i } ^ { 2 } - \sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } y _ { i } x _ { 2 i } \sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } x _ { 1 i } x _ { 2 i } } { \sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } x _ { 1 i } ^ { 2 } \sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } x _ { 2 i } ^ { 2 } - \left( \sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } x _ { i i } x _ { 2 i } \right) ^ { 2 } }$$
(small letters refer to deviations from means as in $z _ { i } = Z _ { i } - \bar { Z }$ ). Show that this formula reduces to the slope coefficient for the linear regression model
with one regressor if the sample correlation between the two explanatory variables is
zero.Given this result, what can you say about the effect of omitting the second
explanatory variable from the regression?

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Definitions:

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An ancient method of embalming, involving the removal of internal organs, treatment of the body with preservatives, and wrapping in linen, to prepare the deceased for the afterlife.

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Radcliffe-Brown

An influential British social anthropologist known for his development of structural functionalism and contributions to the study of social structures.