Using Some of the Examples from Your Textbook, Describe Econometric

question 40

Essay

Using some of the examples from your textbook, describe econometric studies which required instrumental variable techniques. In each case emphasize why the need for instrumental variables arises and how authors have approached the problem. Make sure to include a discussion of overidentification, the validity of instruments, and testing procedures in your essay.

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Definitions:

Midpoint Method

A technique used in economics to measure the elasticity of demand or supply, which calculates the percentage change between two points by dividing the difference by the average of those points.

Luxury

A luxury item is a good or service that is considered to be of high quality, often resulting in higher prices and perceived as non-essential but desirable if one has the means.

Demand

The consumer's desire and willingness to pay for a good or service, influenced by price, income, tastes, and expectations.

Demand

The volume of goods or services that shoppers are prepared and financially able to buy at several price points within a particular period.