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Psychological Egoism
The theory that suggests all human actions are motivated by self-interest, even in what seem to be acts of altruism.
Bentham's Quantitative Model
A philosophical model proposed by Jeremy Bentham, emphasizing the calculation of pleasure and pain to determine the moral rightness of actions based on their utility.
Utility Principle
A principle in ethics and economics that suggests the best action is the one that maximizes utility, often defined as maximizing happiness and minimizing suffering.
Sadistic Dictator
A ruler who derives pleasure from inflicting suffering on others, often exercising power in a cruel or brutal manner.
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