Determine What Type of Observational Study Is Described

question 63

Multiple Choice

Determine what type of observational study is described. Explain.
-Researchers wanted to determine whether there was an association between city driving and stomach ulcers.They selected a sample of 900 young adults and followed them for a twenty-year period. At the start of thestudy none of the participants was suffering from a stomach ulcer. Each person kept track of the number ofhours per week they spent driving in city traffic. At the end of the study each participant underwent tests todetermine whether they were suffering from a stomach ulcer. The researchers analyzed the results todetermine whether there was an association between city driving and stomach ulcers.

• A) cohort; Individuals are observed over a long period of time.
• B) cross-sectional; Information is collected at a specific point in time.
• C) retrospective; Individuals are asked to look back in time.

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Definitions:

Rival Firms

Companies that compete directly with one another in the same industry or market.

Downward-sloping Demand

A market phenomenon where demand for a product decreases as the price increases, indicating consumers buy less of the product at higher prices.

Competitive Price-searcher

A firm operating in a market where it must search for the optimal price that balances its desire for profits with the need to remain competitive.