Use Truth Tables to Test the Validity of the Argument $\begin{array} { l } \mathrm { p } \vee \mathrm { q } \\\sim ( \mathrm { p } \vee \mathrm { q } ) \\\hline\therefore \sim \mathrm { q }\end{array}$

question 21

Multiple Choice

Use truth tables to test the validity of the argument.
- $\begin{array} { l } \mathrm { p } \vee \mathrm { q } \\\sim ( \mathrm { p } \vee \mathrm { q } ) \\\hline\therefore \sim \mathrm { q }\end{array}$

• A) Valid
• B) Invalid

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Definitions:

Retained Earnings

The part of net profits not distributed as dividends, instead kept by the company for reinvestment in its main business or for debt repayment.

Earnings Per Share

A company's profit divided by the number of outstanding shares of its common stock, indicating the company's profitability.

Price-Earnings Ratio

A valuation metric for a company, calculated by dividing the market price per share by the earnings per share.

Target Payout Ratio

The proportion of earnings a company plans to distribute to its shareholders as dividends, often expressed as a percentage.